Unit 8
Lessons 3+4
Student’s Book pages 64 and 65
VOCABULARY: Climate change
1 Find words from the text on page 62 that relate to the following subjects.
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Climate |
Natural Disasters |
professions |
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Suggested answers
Climate: ice ages, cold, dark, warm periods, warmer, global warming, extreme.
Natural disasters: volcanic eruptions, clashes with astroids, smoke and dust.
Professions: Geologists, Archaeologists.
Unit 8
Lessons 5+6
Student’s Book pages 66 and 67
Before reading
Look at the pictures
VOCABULARY: Volcanoes
While reading
READING
Volcanoes
A______________
Volcanoes occur where the plates in Earth’s crust have cracks or weak spots in them. The very hot melted rocks, which lie deep under Earth’s surface, are under a lot of pressure and they bubble up and try to squeeze out of any holes. The hot melted rocks are called magma. When a volcano erupts, the magma forces its way up through the surface and spills out as lava. Pieces of rock and ash are often thrown out with the lava.
B_____________
About four and a half billion years ago, which was just after our planet was formed, there were probably many more volcanoes than there are now, and they erupted more often. Some of these were active in Jordan. Today, one sixth of Jordan is covered with basalt, or hardened lava. Most of this area is called the “Basalt Plateau”, and lies between Azraq, Mafraq and the northern borders with Syria. There are at least forty volcanic centres in Jordan, all inactive now.
C_________________
Volcanoes can be very dangerous to people when they are in the process of erupting. The hot lava can destroy towns and kill people. The ash can crush houses and plants. However, after the eruption, the ash and lava make the ground very good for farming. The magma cools into different kinds of solid rocks that wear down and become earth that is very good for growing plants. A long time ago, farmers used the obsidian (volcanic glass) for their tools. Even nowadays, obsidian is still used to make knives for medical operations.
The text talks about:
- The place where volcanoes occure.
- What the hot melted rocks are called.
-The positive effects of volcanoes.
-The negative effects of ash.
-How volcanoes form.
-Volcanoes in the past.
- Positive effects of volcanoes.
After reading
-When are volcanoes dangerous?
Volcanoes can be very dangerous to people when they are in the process of erupting.