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In the future
page 22
Speaking: Page 22, exercises 1 And 2
1 Work in pairs. What do you think the consequences will be for the world if people live longer? Should we be using technology to help us to improve life expectancy?
suggested answer:
In order to care for ageing population, the countries will need to build different types of facilities such as hospitals, parks, etc. Technology is needed to facilitate things for the elderly.
2 DW Read the words in the box. Which words refer to illnesses and other medical conditions? Which refer to medical apparatus or treatment? Check the meaning of any word(s)that you do not know in the Glossary on pages 90–92 Or in a dictionary.
| coma dementia drug implant medical trial pill scanner side effect stroke symptom |
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Word |
MEANING IN ENGLISH |
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coma |
a state of unconsciousness caused by a certain injury and that lasts for an extended period of time. |
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dementia |
a mental illness the symptoms of which are problems with memory, personality changes and problems with reasoning. |
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drug |
a medicine or a substance used for making medicines. |
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implant |
a piece of tissue, prosthetic device, or other object implanted in the body. |
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medical trial |
trial to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of medications. |
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Pill |
a small round piece of medicine to be swallowed whole. |
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Scanner |
a medical instrument that uses radiography to produce images of the insides of the human body. |
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side effect |
effects of medicine on your body in addition to curing pain or illness. |
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stroke |
an illness when a blood tube in your brain bursts or is blocked, resulting in the brain being unable to function normally. |
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Symptom |
A physical problem that might indicate disease. |
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MRI |
(Magnetic Resonance Imaging) a scan that uses strong magnetic fields to make a picture of the inside of someone’s body for medical reasons. |
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Cancerous |
something that has or can cause cancer. |
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Career |
a job undertaken for a significant period of a person’s life and with opportunities for progress. |
Parts of speech:
coma (noun), dementia (noun), drug (noun) , implant (verb, noun), trial (noun), pill (noun), scanner (noun), side effect (noun), stroke (verb, noun), symptom (noun)
Answers:
Words referring to illnesses and other medical conditions:
coma, dementia, side effect, stroke, symptom
Words referring to medical apparatus or treatment:
drug, implant, medical trial, pill, scanner
Reading: Page 22, exercise 3
3 Read the website article and complete it with five words from exercise 2.
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In the future We will be able to have an operation to increase our intelligence. Scientists have already developed brain implants that improve vision or allow disabled people to use their thoughts in order to control prosthetic limbs like arms, legs or hands, or operate a wheelchair. In 2012 CE, research on monkeys showed that a brain (1) ............ improved their decision-making abilities. How will humans benefit from this research? Scientists hope to develop a similar device to help people who have been affected by brain damage, which could be caused by (2) ............, a stroke or other brain injuries. Doctors will be able to communicate with people in a coma. In 2010 CE, neuroscientists confirmed that it was possible to communicate with some patients in a coma, by using a special brain (3) ............ called an MRI. They suggested that, in the future, more meaningful dialogue with patients in a coma would be possible. Two years later, it has finally happened. The scanner, used on a man who has been in a coma for more than twelve years, proves that He has a conscious, thinking mind – a fact that had previously been disputed by many. Doctors plan to use similar brain-scanning techniques in the future to find out whether patients are in pain, or what they would like to be done in order to improve their quality of life. A new drug will help to treat certain types of cancer almost instantly. A new cancer drug is being trialed in Plymouth, UK, which doctors hope will extend the lives of cancer patients and reduce their symptoms overnight. It is taken as a single (4) ........... every morning, and so far patients have shown none of the usual (5) ................ such as the sickness and hair loss that are experienced when undergoing other forms of cancer treatment. The new treatment works by blocking a protein which causes cancerous cells to grow. It will improve patients’ life expectancy and quality of life much more quickly than any other treatment. The patients were interviewed a year after starting the treatment and are fit and well, saying that they are definitely going to continue the trial. They have every reason to believe the new drug is going to work. Doctors at Plymouth Hospital hope that it will help patients from all over the world. |
Answers: 1. implant 2. dementia 3. scanner 4. pill 5. side effects
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We will be able to have an operation to increase our intelligence. Scientists have already developed brain implants that improve vision or allow disabled people to use their thoughts in order to control prosthetic limbs like arms, legs, or hands, or operate a wheelchair. In 2012 CE, research on monkeys showed that a brain implant improved their decision-making abilities. How will humans benefit from this research? Scientists hope to develop a similar device to help people who have been affected by brain damage, which could be caused by dementia, a stroke, or other brain injuries. |
1. Brain implants can be beneficial to people in two ways:
1. Improving vision.
2. Allowing disabled people to use their thoughts in order to control prosthetic limbs like arms, legs or hands, or operate a wheelchair.
2. Thoughts that are improved by brain implants can help disabled people in two ways.
a. control prosthetic limbs like arms, legs, or hands
b. operate a wheelchair.
3. Brain damage can be caused by different factors, such as:
a. dementia
b. a stroke
c. other brain injuries
4. The kind of operation we can have to increase intelligence is:
the brain implant
5. The underlined relative clause which refers to brain damage
6. The underlined word stroke means an illness when a blood tube in your brain bursts or is blocked, resulting in the brain being unable to function normally.
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Doctors will be able to communicate with people in a coma. In 2010 CE, neuroscientists confirmed that it was possible to communicate with some patients in a coma, by using a special brain scanner called an MRI. They suggested that, in the future, more meaningful dialogue with patients in a coma would be possible. Two years later, it has finally happened. The scanner, used on a man who has been in a coma for more than twelve years, proves that he has a conscious, thinking mind - a fact that had previously been disputed by many. Doctors plan to use similar brain-scanning techniques in the future to find out whether patients are in pain, or what they would like to be done in order to improve their quality of life. |
1. Neuroscientists could communicate with patients in a coma by using a special brain scanner called an MRI
2. Doctors plan to use similar brain-scanning techniques in the future in order to:
a. find out whether patients are in pain,
b. what patients would like to be done in order to improve their quality of life.
3. The underlined pronoun their refers to patients.
4. A state of unconsciousness caused by a certain injury that lasts for an extended period of time is called a coma.
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A new drug will help to treat certain types of cancer almost instantly. A new cancer drug is being trialled in Plymouth, UK, which doctors hope will extend the lives of cancer patients and reduce their symptoms overnight. It is taken as a single pill every morning, and so far patients have shown none of the side effects such as the sickness and hair loss that are experienced when undergoing other forms of treatment. The new treatment works by blocking a protein which causes cancerous cells to grow. It will improve patients' life expectancy and quality of life much more quickly than any other treatment. The patients were interviewed a year after starting the treatment and are fit and well, saying that they are definitely going to continue the trial. They have every reason to believe the new drug is going to work. Doctors at Plymouth Hospital hope that it will help patients from all over the world. |
1. The trial cancer drug can help patients in two ways:
a. Extending the lives of cancer patients
b. Reducing their symptoms overnight.
2. Most cancer drugs can have two side effects. Write them down.
a. Sickness.
b. Hair loss
3. The new cancer drug works by blocking a protein which causes cancerous cells to grow
4. The adjective cancerous means something that has or can cause cancer.
5. The underlined pronoun their refers to: the patients
| verbs followed by a to-infinitive verb |
intend
I intend to study Medicine at university.
I intend to improve my English.
hope
I hope to work in the hospital near my hometown.
I hope to do well in my exams this year.
plan
I plan to go abroad when I leave school.
I'm planning to get some work experience before I go to university.
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