Module 1
Lesson 1
Student’s Book pages 6-7
A healthy and active brain
Before you begin
What can yo see in the pictures?
A a man sleeping soundly
B brainwaves
The key words
|
The word / phrase |
The meaning |
The part of speech |
|
brainwave |
an electrical force that is produced by the brain and can be measured |
Noun |
|
immune system |
the system by which your body protects itself against disease |
Noun |
|
eyelids |
the two pieces of skin that cover your eye when it is closed |
Noun |
|
muscle |
this helps you move parts of your body |
Noun |
|
REM |
(rapid eye movement) a period during sleep when your eyes move quickly when you are dreaming |
Noun |
|
heartbeat |
the action or sound of your heart as it pumps blood around your body |
Noun |
|
soundly |
(of sleeping) deeply and peacefully |
Adverb |
While reading
The importance of sleep
Sleep is an essential part of life. Although we think of sleep as a time when we rest completely, it’s actually a very busy period for the brain. Scientists claim that sleep is the time when information is sorted and stored by the brain. Sleep is important for reducing stress and keeping the heart, the immune system and the memory healthy. Scientists have already identified five sleep stages by studying brainwaves.
Stage 1 is when we begin to fall asleep. The brain tells the muscles to relax and the heart to beat slowly. This stage makes up about 5% of a young adult’s sleeping time.
Stage 2 is a period of deeper sleep. The heartbeat and breathing become slower. This stage makes up about 44% to 55% of a young adult’s sleeping time.
Stages 3 and 4 are when we sleep most soundly. Now the brainwaves and heartbeat are at their slowest and our muscles become very relaxed. We might have some dreams in this stage, which makes up about 15% to 23% of a young adult’s sleeping time.
Stage 5 is called the REM (Rapid Eye Movement) stage. Although our body is resting, our eyes are moving very quickly beneath our eyelids during this stage. Our heartbeat and breathing become faster, and this is when dreams are most frequent. This stage makes up about 20% to 25% of a young adult’s sleeping time.
The text talks about:
- The stages of sleep.
- The importance of sleep.
- What happens during sleep.
After reading
What happens during sleep?
Scientists claim that sleep is the time when information is sorted and stored by the brain.
What is the importance of sleep?
Sleep is important for reducing stress and keeping the heart, the immune system and the memory healthy. Scientists have already identified five sleep stages by studying brainwaves.
How many stages of sleep are there?
5 stages.
How have scientists identified five sleep stages?
Scientists have already identified five sleep stages by studying brainwaves.
Fill in table
|
Stage |
percentage |
What happens |
Name of stage |
|
1 |
5% |
The brain tells the muscles to relax and the heart to beat slowly |
falling asleep |
|
2 |
44%-55% |
The heartbeat and breathing become slower |
deeper sleep |
|
3 and 4 |
15%-23% |
We might have some dreams in this stage, |
sleep most soundly |
|
5 |
20%-25% |
Although our body is resting, our eyes are moving very quickly beneath our eyelids during this stage. Our heartbeat and breathing become faster, and this is when dreams are most frequent |
the REM (Rapid Eye Movement) stage |
Write the name of the picture
eyelids heartbeat muscle
Write the references of:
-Stages 3 and 4 are when we sleep most soundly. Now the brainwaves and heartbeat are at their slowest and our muscles become very relaxed. We might have some dreams in this stage, which makes up about 15% to 23% of a young adult’s sleeping time.
WHICH refers to this stage.
Sleep is an essential part of life. Although we think of sleep as a time when we rest completely, it’s actually a very busy period for the brain. Scientists claim that sleep is the time when information is sorted and stored by the brain. Sleep is important for reducing stress and keeping the heart, the immune system and the memory healthy. Scientists have already identified five sleep stages by studying brainwaves.
IT refers to sleep.
Sleep is an essential part of life. Although we think of sleep as a time when we rest completely, it’s actually a very busy period for the brain. Scientists claim that sleep is the time when information is sorted and stored by the brain. Sleep is important for reducing stress and keeping the heart, the immune system and the memory healthy. Scientists have already identified five sleep stages by studying brainwaves.
WHEN refers to the time of sleep.